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sperm microinjection
Either intracytoplasmic sperm insertion (ICSI) or subzonal insertion (SUZI, now obsolete). Abbreviated SMI, although no longer in common usage.
Terms that contain "sperm microinjection" in the definition
intracytoplasmic sperm injection
(ICSI) An in vitro fertilisation technique for overcoming infertility due to oligospermia or azoospermia involving sperm microinjection (SMI), in a sperm is injected through the zona pellucida, across the perivitelline space, through the vitelline membrane (the egg cell's membrane), and directly into the substance (or cytoplasm) of the egg itself. Has completely replaced subzonal sperm insertion (SUZI).
microepididymal sperm aspiration
(MESA) Using microsurgery to dissect the epididymis or rete testis (or sometimes the tubules of the testis itself -- see also testicular sperm extraction) to find motile sperm cells suitable to be aspirated, isolated and prepared for an in vitro fertilisation procedure, usually involving sperm microinjection, especially intracytoplasmic sperm insertion.
subzonal insertion
(SUZI) An obsolete IVF technique involving sperm microinjection, in which one or more sperm are injected through the zona pellucida into the perivitelline space of the egg (the secondary oocyte. Not very effective, because its efficiency is limited by sperm having to have undergone the acrosome reaction). Nowadays completely replaced by intracytoplasmic sperm insertion (ICSI), where the acrosome reaction is not a requirement.